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Unexpected cardiac death (sudden arrest) is passing away resulting from an sudden loss of heart function (cardiac arrest). The victim may or might not have been diagnosed with heart disease. The time and mode of death are unexpected. It happens within moments after symptoms appear. The most common explanation for patients to die instantly from cardiac arrest is coronary heart illness (fatty buildups within the arteries that supply blood towards the heart muscle).

All known heart diseases can lead to cardiac arrest or sudden cardiac death. Most from the cardiac arrests that lead to unexpected death occur when the electrical impulses in the diseased heart become rapid (ventricular tachycardia), chaotic (ventricular fibrillation) or both. This irregular heart rhythm (arrhythmia) causes the heart to suddenly stop beating. Several cardiac arrests are due to extreme slowing of the heart. This is called bradycardia. Bradycardia is common in premature infants.

In 90 percent of adult victims of sudden cardiac death, two or more major coronary arteries are narrowed by fatty buildups. Scarring from a prior heart assault is found in two-thirds of victims. When sudden death happens in young grown ups, other heart abnormalities are more likely causes. Adrenaline released throughout extreme physical or athletic activity often acts as a trigger for abrupt death when these abnormalities are existing. Under certain conditions, numerous heart medications and other drugs - as well as illegal drug abuse - can lead to abnormal heart rhythms that trigger sudden death.

The term “enormous heart attack” is frequently incorrectly utilized within the media to describe sudden death. The expression “heart attack” relates to death of the heart muscle and tissue due to the reduction of blood supply, not necessarily resulting in a cardiac arrest or the death of the heart attack victim. A heart attack might cause cardiac arrest and sudden cardiac death, but the terms aren’t synonymous.

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